UK LGV Theory Test (Driver CPC Part 1) β Questions and Answers
Question 1: What must a driver do when they change from driving one vehicle to driving another vehicle on the same day?
- Record the vehicle registration of both vehicles on a manual printout (Correct answer)
- Request a new tachograph card for the second vehicle
- Transfer their tachograph card β it goes with the driver, not the vehicle
- Leave the card in the original vehicle
Correct answer: Record the vehicle registration of both vehicles on a manual printout
The driver card belongs to the driver and must be inserted into the tachograph of every vehicle they drive. The card records all driving regardless of which vehicle is used.
Question 2: What must a driver do with the Kemler plates when the dangerous goods vehicle is empty and unclean?
- Only remove rear plates β side plates may remain
- Remove all plates immediately when emptied
- Keep the plates in place until the vehicle is cleaned and purged of residue β they must not be removed while residue remains (Correct answer)
- Plates can be covered but not removed
Correct answer: Keep the plates in place until the vehicle is cleaned and purged of residue β they must not be removed while residue remains
Kemler plates must remain in place until the tank or vehicle is cleaned and purged of dangerous residues. An empty but unclean tank still presents a hazard (fumes, residue) and must continue to display its ADR markings.
Question 3: When driving an LGV in strong crosswinds, which situation creates the greatest risk of the vehicle being blown off course?
- Lightly loaded or unladen with a high-sided body (Correct answer)
- Driving slowly on a motorway
- Fully loaded with a low centre of gravity
- Driving on a sheltered urban road
Correct answer: Lightly loaded or unladen with a high-sided body
A lightly loaded or unladen high-sided LGV presents a large surface area to the wind with little weight to resist it, making it highly vulnerable to crosswinds.
Question 4: What does a rectangular blue sign with a white lorry symbol indicate on a motorway?
- A lorry parking area ahead
- A lorry restriction zone
- A weigh bridge ahead
- Mandatory route for goods vehicles (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Mandatory route for goods vehicles
Rectangular blue signs with a white lorry symbol indicate a mandatory route that goods vehicles must follow, often directing HGVs away from unsuitable roads.
Question 5: A driver's tachograph card has expired. Can they drive?
- Yes, if they make manual records
- Yes, for up to 15 days while a replacement is sought
- No β they must not drive a vehicle requiring a tachograph until they have a valid card (Correct answer)
- Only for journeys under 50 km
Correct answer: No β they must not drive a vehicle requiring a tachograph until they have a valid card
A driver must not operate a tachograph-equipped vehicle without a valid driver card. Driving with an expired card is an offence. Replacement cards should be applied for before expiry.
Question 6: What are 'written instructions' (Tremcards) that must be carried in ADR vehicle cabs?
- Emergency response instructions in the driver's language describing the substance's hazards and actions to take in an emergency (Correct answer)
- The driver's medical certificate
- Load securing instructions for hazardous cargo
- The vehicle maintenance log
Correct answer: Emergency response instructions in the driver's language describing the substance's hazards and actions to take in an emergency
Written instructions (formerly called Tremcards) must be in the vehicle cab, available in languages that the driver understands. They describe the hazards of the substance, protective measures, and actions to take in the event of an accident or emergency.
Question 7: If your LGV begins to skid on ice, what is the correct initial response?
- Ease off the accelerator and steer gently into the skid (Correct answer)
- Apply the footbrake firmly to slow the vehicle
- Increase speed to regain wheel traction
- Steer sharply in the opposite direction to the skid
Correct answer: Ease off the accelerator and steer gently into the skid
Easing off the accelerator and gently steering into the skid allows the wheels to gradually regain traction without making the skid worse.
Question 8: What is the maximum permitted gross vehicle weight for a two-axle rigid HGV in the UK?
- 7.5 tonnes
- 26 tonnes
- 32 tonnes
- 18 tonnes (Correct answer)
Correct answer: 18 tonnes
The maximum gross vehicle weight for a two-axle rigid HGV is 18 tonnes. A three-axle rigid can weigh up to 26 tonnes, and a four-axle rigid up to 32 tonnes, subject to axle spacing requirements.
Question 9: When driving an LGV past a row of parked vehicles, what hazard should you be particularly aware of?
- Pedestrians (especially children) stepping out from between parked vehicles, and vehicle doors opening (Correct answer)
- The parked vehicles blocking your satellite navigation signal
- Only oncoming traffic
- The parked vehicles may start flying
Correct answer: Pedestrians (especially children) stepping out from between parked vehicles, and vehicle doors opening
Parked vehicles create blind spots from which pedestrians, particularly children, may step out unexpectedly. Vehicle doors may also open into your path. LGV drivers should reduce speed, increase the gap from parked vehicles, and be ready to stop.
Question 10: What is a drawbar coupling and how does it differ from a 5th wheel?
- A drawbar is only used on cars
- A drawbar is another name for the kingpin
- There is no difference
- A drawbar couples a full trailer to a rigid vehicle using a pin and jaw, allowing the trailer to run on its own wheels at both ends (Correct answer)
Correct answer: A drawbar couples a full trailer to a rigid vehicle using a pin and jaw, allowing the trailer to run on its own wheels at both ends
A drawbar coupling connects a full trailer (with axles at both ends) to a rigid vehicle using an eye/pin arrangement. Unlike a 5th wheel where the tractor carries trailer weight, a drawbar trailer supports its own weight. Maximum combination length is 18.75 metres.
Question 11: How long must an operator retain downloaded tachograph data?
- At least 12 months (Correct answer)
- At least 3 years
- At least 24 months
- At least 6 months
Correct answer: At least 12 months
Operators must retain downloaded digital tachograph data for at least 12 months. This data may be inspected by DVSA enforcement officers.
Question 12: What is a 'Smart' (second generation) tachograph's main additional feature compared to older digital tachographs?
- It automatically calls emergency services if an accident occurs
- It directly submits data to DVSA
- It communicates remotely and uses GNSS (GPS) to record location data (Correct answer)
- It prevents driving if rest rules have been breached
Correct answer: It communicates remotely and uses GNSS (GPS) to record location data
Second generation (Smart) tachographs use GNSS (global navigation satellite system) for location recording and can communicate remotely via DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications). They record location data at the start and end of each journey.
Question 13: What is the purpose of a tachograph analysis check?
- To record vehicle faults
- To verify drivers comply with hours rules and detect infringements (Correct answer)
- To calculate fuel consumption
- To calculate driver pay
Correct answer: To verify drivers comply with hours rules and detect infringements
Tachograph analysis examines records to ensure drivers are complying with driving time, break, and rest regulations. Operators must regularly analyse records to detect and address any infringements.
Question 14: In what order should the air lines (susies) be connected when coupling?
- It does not matter which order (Correct answer)
- Connect the service (yellow) line first, then the emergency (red) line
- Connect the emergency (red) line first, then the service (yellow) line
- Only one line needs connecting
Correct answer: It does not matter which order
Modern best practice is to connect both lines ensuring the correct line goes to the correct coupling head β red to red (emergency) and yellow to yellow (service). The key is correct colour matching rather than sequence, though some operators specify emergency first.
Question 15: What is the first thing a driver should check before coupling a tractor unit to a semi-trailer?
- That the trailer is on a firm, level surface with the parking brake applied and the landing gear supports it (Correct answer)
- That the trailer doors are open
- That the radio is turned off
- That the trailer is fully loaded
Correct answer: That the trailer is on a firm, level surface with the parking brake applied and the landing gear supports it
Before coupling, ensure the trailer is on firm, level ground, the parking brake is applied, and the landing gear (legs) is properly supporting the trailer at the correct height for the 5th wheel to engage beneath the trailer plate.
Question 16: What does an orange ADR hazard plate (Kemler plate) on a vehicle display?
- The hazard identification number (top) and the UN number (bottom) of the substance being carried (Correct answer)
- The emergency contact number
- The driver's ADR certificate number
- The vehicle's authorised load capacity
Correct answer: The hazard identification number (top) and the UN number (bottom) of the substance being carried
The orange Kemler plate shows the hazard identification number (HIN/Kemler code) on the top half and the 4-digit UN number of the dangerous substance on the bottom half. This allows emergency services to quickly identify the substance and its hazards.
Question 17: What does a blue circular sign showing '30' mean?
- Maximum speed 30 mph
- Minimum speed 30 mph β you must travel at least this fast (Correct answer)
- 30-tonne weight limit
- 30-minute parking only
Correct answer: Minimum speed 30 mph β you must travel at least this fast
A blue circular sign with a number indicates a minimum speed limit. Vehicles must travel at least 30 mph (unless safety requires otherwise). This is important for HGVs on hills or in tunnels where slow-moving vehicles could cause congestion or danger.
Question 18: Before setting off in heavy snow, what must an LGV driver clear from the vehicle?
- The windscreen only
- Just the front and rear windscreens
- The windscreen and driver's door window only
- All windows, mirrors, lights, and number plates (Correct answer)
Correct answer: All windows, mirrors, lights, and number plates
All windows, mirrors, lights, and number plates must be completely clear to ensure full visibility and legal compliance before driving in snow.
Question 19: A sign showing a red triangle with a lorry on a slope indicates:
- A lorry loading area
- No lorries on this slope
- A dangerous bend for lorries
- A steep descent ahead β check brakes (Correct answer)
Correct answer: A steep descent ahead β check brakes
A red triangle warning sign showing a lorry on a slope warns of a steep gradient ahead. LGV drivers should check their brakes and select an appropriate gear before descending.
Question 20: What action should an LGV driver take when approaching motorway roadworks with a lower speed limit displayed?
- Treat it as advisory and maintain safe speed
- Slow to the displayed limit only when workers are visible
- The lower limit applies to cars only
- Comply with the speed limit β it is mandatory when shown on a matrix sign (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Comply with the speed limit β it is mandatory when shown on a matrix sign
Speed limits displayed on motorway matrix signs are legally enforceable mandatory limits, not advisory. LGV drivers must comply with the displayed limit in roadwork zones.
Question 21: What is the purpose of the trailer service line (yellow coupling)?
- To supply air pressure that operates the trailer service brakes when the driver presses the brake pedal (Correct answer)
- To provide air for the trailer tyres
- To supply electricity to the trailer
- To supply emergency air to the trailer
Correct answer: To supply air pressure that operates the trailer service brakes when the driver presses the brake pedal
The service line (yellow) transmits air pressure from the tractor's braking system to operate the trailer's service brakes. When the driver presses the brake pedal, air pressure is sent through this line to apply the trailer brakes proportionally.
Question 22: Why should an LGV driver still exercise extra caution on a recently gritted road?
- Gritted roads attract more traffic and increase collision risk
- Grit reduces but does not eliminate the risk of ice (Correct answer)
- Grit can puncture tyres at motorway speeds
- Grit increases stopping distances for heavy vehicles
Correct answer: Grit reduces but does not eliminate the risk of ice
Grit improves grip but does not guarantee the road is free of ice, so LGV drivers must continue to drive with caution even on treated surfaces.
Question 23: What does a white diamond painted on the road surface indicate?
- Priority over oncoming vehicles (Correct answer)
- No overtaking zone
- Pedestrian crossing ahead
- Give way to traffic from the right
Correct answer: Priority over oncoming vehicles
A white diamond on the road surface indicates that the driver has priority over oncoming traffic, commonly used in narrow sections where only one vehicle can pass at a time.
Question 24: What is the meaning of the letters 'HAZCHEM' in relation to dangerous goods incidents?
- An alternative name for the ADR system in the UK
- A driver training certification for dangerous goods
- A type of chemical storage container
- A UK emergency action code system displayed on HAZCHEM plates to guide emergency services responding to incidents (Correct answer)
Correct answer: A UK emergency action code system displayed on HAZCHEM plates to guide emergency services responding to incidents
HAZCHEM plates are used in the UK and Australia as an additional emergency action code system. The HAZCHEM code tells emergency services what firefighting agent to use, whether protective clothing is needed, and whether evacuation is required.
Question 25: What is checked when testing the vehicle's horn during a walkaround inspection?
- That it sounds and is loud enough to be heard by other road users (Correct answer)
- That it meets a specific decibel level
- Horns are tested only during annual MOT
- Only that it has electrical power
Correct answer: That it sounds and is loud enough to be heard by other road users
The horn must sound clearly and be audible. A working horn is a legal requirement. The driver should briefly sound it in a safe area to confirm it operates.
Question 26: What must an ADR driver do before parking a dangerous goods vehicle overnight?
- Only avoid parking near petrol stations
- Park at the nearest lorry park regardless of proximity to buildings
- No specific ADR parking rules apply overnight
- Park in a safe, secure location away from public areas, public buildings, and crowds β preferably an approved ADR parking area (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Park in a safe, secure location away from public areas, public buildings, and crowds β preferably an approved ADR parking area
ADR requires that dangerous goods vehicles be parked safely and securely. They should be kept away from residential areas, public buildings, crowds, and open flames. Operators should use secure, supervised parking areas when available.
Question 27: What must a driver check regarding the vehicle's steering?
- Check steering at high speed only
- Only check if the vehicle has been recently serviced
- Steering is maintenance-only β no driver check required
- Check for excessive free play by turning the wheel gently and feeling resistance (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Check for excessive free play by turning the wheel gently and feeling resistance
Before driving, a driver should check for excessive free play in the steering wheel. Any looseness or play beyond the normal small amount indicates a potential steering problem that must be reported.
Question 28: What class are infectious substances assigned to in ADR?
- Class 6.2 (Correct answer)
- Class 4.3
- Class 7
- Class 6.1
Correct answer: Class 6.2
Infectious substances (substances containing microorganisms known or reasonably expected to cause infectious disease in humans or animals) are Class 6.2 under ADR. Class 6.1 covers toxic substances. Medical or clinical waste carrying infectious risk is also Class 6.2.
Question 29: What happens to tachograph data if there is a power failure to the recording unit?
- An alarm sounds and driving is prohibited
- The vehicle automatically stops
- The data is stored in internal memory and the driver must make a manual record (Correct answer)
- All data is lost permanently
Correct answer: The data is stored in internal memory and the driver must make a manual record
Digital tachographs have internal memory that retains data during a power failure. The driver must also make a manual record of activities on a printout or annotation if the unit malfunctions.
Question 30: Under the EU drivers' hours rules, what is a 'week' defined as?
- Any consecutive 7-day period
- A period beginning at the start of the first shift
- The period from 00:00 Monday to 24:00 Sunday (Correct answer)
- Monday to Friday only
Correct answer: The period from 00:00 Monday to 24:00 Sunday
Under EU Regulation 561/2006, a 'week' is defined as the period from 00:00 on Monday to 24:00 on Sunday. This is important for calculating weekly driving limits and weekly rest.
Question 31: What colour are temporary traffic signs used at roadworks?
- Red background with white text
- Yellow background with black text (Correct answer)
- Orange background with white text
- White background with black text
Correct answer: Yellow background with black text
Temporary signs used at roadworks have a yellow background with black text or symbols. This distinguishes them from permanent signs and alerts drivers to temporary conditions.
Question 32: How does an exhaust brake work on an HGV?
- It increases exhaust emissions to slow down
- It restricts the exhaust flow, creating back-pressure that uses the engine as a retarder to slow the vehicle (Correct answer)
- It applies pressure to the exhaust pipe
- It releases exhaust gas onto the road surface for grip
Correct answer: It restricts the exhaust flow, creating back-pressure that uses the engine as a retarder to slow the vehicle
An exhaust brake uses a butterfly valve in the exhaust manifold to restrict exhaust flow. This creates back-pressure in the engine cylinders, effectively turning the engine into an air compressor that resists rotation, providing a retarding effect without using the service brakes.
Question 33: Why is it important to ensure the trailer is at the correct height before coupling?
- For aesthetic reasons
- Only to make it easier to connect the air lines
- Height does not matter for coupling
- If too high, the kingpin may ride over the jaws; if too low, it may not engage properly or could damage the trailer plate (Correct answer)
Correct answer: If too high, the kingpin may ride over the jaws; if too low, it may not engage properly or could damage the trailer plate
The trailer must be at the correct height for the 5th wheel to slide smoothly under the trailer plate and for the kingpin to drop into the jaws. Too high and the kingpin may not engage; too low and the 5th wheel could strike and damage the trailer underside.
Question 34: What should an LGV driver do when approaching a flooded section of road?
- Drive through slowly in a low gear without stopping
- Always turn around as driving through floods is illegal
- Drive through quickly to minimise water ingestion
- Assess the depth carefully and avoid if it could be dangerous (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Assess the depth carefully and avoid if it could be dangerous
You must assess the depth and condition of the flood before proceeding, and avoid crossing if there is any risk to vehicle safety or road users.
Question 35: What is the legal consequence of operating a vehicle where the load causes the gross weight to exceed the authorised maximum?
- Only the operator is liable
- A warning notice is issued on first offence only
- The driver and operator can both be prosecuted and fined β the operator may also face licence revocation proceedings (Correct answer)
- Only a fixed penalty applies
Correct answer: The driver and operator can both be prosecuted and fined β the operator may also face licence revocation proceedings
Overloading is an offence for which both the driver and operator can be prosecuted. Fines can be substantial. For repeated or serious overloading, the Traffic Commissioner may take action against the operator's licence.
Question 36: What stopping distance should an LGV driver aim to maintain in fog?
- Double the normal dry-weather stopping distance
- Triple the 2-second gap rule
- Be able to stop within the distance they can see β if visibility is 20 metres, stopping distance must be within 20 metres (Correct answer)
- 50 metres regardless of speed
Correct answer: Be able to stop within the distance they can see β if visibility is 20 metres, stopping distance must be within 20 metres
In fog, the driver must be able to stop within the visible distance. If visibility is 20 metres, speed must be reduced so that stopping is possible within 20 metres. Driving faster than visibility allows is sometimes called 'overdriving your headlights'.
Question 37: What should a driver check regarding the trailer's electrical connections?
- Only the lighting plug β ABS connections are depot responsibility
- That both the ISO 7638 ABS/EBS connector and the 24N/24S lighting connections are fully engaged (Correct answer)
- No electrical check is needed if the trailer has recently been coupled
- Only check if the trailer was unhitched overnight
Correct answer: That both the ISO 7638 ABS/EBS connector and the 24N/24S lighting connections are fully engaged
The driver must ensure all trailer electrical connectors are fully engaged: the ISO 7638 7-pin connector (for ABS/EBS brakes) and the 24N and 24S sockets (for lighting). Disconnected plugs mean no trailer ABS and no lights.
Question 38: When is it legal to use the hard shoulder as a driving lane on a motorway?
- At any time in heavy traffic
- When directed by a police officer only
- Only on smart motorways where the hard shoulder is opened with a speed limit sign above it (Correct answer)
- Never β hard shoulders are always for emergencies only
Correct answer: Only on smart motorways where the hard shoulder is opened with a speed limit sign above it
On smart motorways running in ATM mode, the hard shoulder may be opened as an additional lane when indicated by a speed limit sign on the overhead gantry above it. Without such a sign, the hard shoulder must not be used as a running lane.
Question 39: A pedestrian crossing light showing a steady green man means:
- Pedestrians should finish crossing β drivers may go
- Drivers and pedestrians can both go
- Pedestrians may cross β drivers must wait (Correct answer)
- The crossing is unoccupied
Correct answer: Pedestrians may cross β drivers must wait
A steady green man means pedestrians have the signal to cross. Drivers must remain stopped and wait for pedestrians to clear the crossing before proceeding.
Question 40: What type of restraint is most appropriate for securing a pallet loaded with boxes on a curtainsider trailer?
- Only lashing straps β pallet bars are optional
- Pallet bars and lashing straps used together, with the curtain providing supplementary containment (Correct answer)
- Shrink wrap only
- The curtain side alone
Correct answer: Pallet bars and lashing straps used together, with the curtain providing supplementary containment
Pallet bars (load bars) prevent pallets from tipping or sliding forward and backward, while lashing straps secure them laterally. The curtain side provides additional containment but is not a primary restraint method.
Question 41: What is the purpose of the 'working load limit' (WLL) marked on load securing equipment?
- The maximum weight the strap can hold vertically
- The total weight of cargo it can secure on its own
- The breaking strength of the equipment
- The maximum force the equipment is rated to withstand in normal use (Correct answer)
Correct answer: The maximum force the equipment is rated to withstand in normal use
The WLL is the maximum force the securing device (strap, chain, etc.) is designed to restrain in normal conditions. It is typically one-third of the breaking strength and is the figure used when calculating whether you have enough securing capacity for your load.
Question 42: How does vehicle weight affect braking distance for an LGV?
- Heavier vehicles stop faster due to increased tyre contact area
- Weight has minimal effect on modern air-braked vehicles
- Greater weight increases kinetic energy, requiring significantly longer distances to stop (Correct answer)
- Greater weight improves traction, reducing stopping distance
Correct answer: Greater weight increases kinetic energy, requiring significantly longer distances to stop
Kinetic energy increases with mass. A fully loaded LGV has vastly more kinetic energy than a car at the same speed and requires proportionally greater braking distances. This is why LGV drivers must maintain much larger following distances.
Question 43: What is the 'availability' mode on a digital tachograph used for?
- Time when the driver is available but not driving or working, such as waiting (Correct answer)
- Any time the driver is in the cab
- Time spent loading and unloading
- Rest periods only
Correct answer: Time when the driver is available but not driving or working, such as waiting
The availability (POA β Period of Availability) mode is used when a driver is available and could be called to work, such as waiting at a ferry terminal or waiting for a vehicle to be loaded, but is not actively working.
Question 44: What is 'lashing' in the context of load securing?
- Using straps, chains, or ropes to tie cargo to the vehicle structure (Correct answer)
- Using wooden blocking to prevent movement
- Stacking cargo in a specific pattern
- Covering the load with a tarpaulin
Correct answer: Using straps, chains, or ropes to tie cargo to the vehicle structure
Lashing refers to using straps, chains, ropes, or nets to tie cargo directly to the vehicle structure. The lashings work either by direct attachment (top-over lashing) or by using the friction of the strap across the cargo.
Question 45: What is the maximum period a driver may have a reduced weekly rest?
- Reduced weekly rest can be taken every week
- Only once per month
- Twice per calendar year
- A reduced weekly rest of 24 hours may be taken but must be compensated before the end of the third following week (Correct answer)
Correct answer: A reduced weekly rest of 24 hours may be taken but must be compensated before the end of the third following week
A driver may take a reduced weekly rest of at least 24 hours instead of the full 45 hours, but the reduction must be compensated by an equivalent block of rest taken en bloc before the end of the third week following the reduced rest.
Question 46: During a walkaround check, a driver notices a cracked windscreen. What should they do?
- Only report it when it reaches the driver's field of vision
- Report it to the transport manager and assess if it impairs vision before driving (Correct answer)
- Apply windscreen repair film and continue
- Continue driving β small cracks are acceptable
Correct answer: Report it to the transport manager and assess if it impairs vision before driving
A cracked windscreen must be reported immediately to the transport manager. If the crack is in the driver's field of vision (swept area of the wiper) or impairs visibility, the vehicle must not be driven until repaired.
Question 47: What happens if a driver takes a reduced weekly rest period?
- The reduction must be compensated by an equivalent rest attached to another rest of at least 9 hours within the following 3 weeks (Correct answer)
- Reduced weekly rests are not permitted
- The reduced rest can only be taken at home
- No compensation is needed
Correct answer: The reduction must be compensated by an equivalent rest attached to another rest of at least 9 hours within the following 3 weeks
A reduced weekly rest (minimum 24 hours instead of 45 hours) is permitted every other week. However, the reduction (the difference between 45 hours and the actual rest taken) must be compensated en bloc and attached to a rest period of at least 9 hours within the following three weeks.
Question 48: When must a load that overhangs the front of a vehicle be marked?
- When it extends beyond the cab
- When the overhang exceeds 2 metres beyond the front of the vehicle (Correct answer)
- Front overhang is never permitted
- When it extends beyond 1 metre from the front axle
Correct answer: When the overhang exceeds 2 metres beyond the front of the vehicle
Front overhang of up to 2 metres beyond the front of the vehicle does not require special marking. Beyond 2 metres, it must be marked with an end marker board or light. Larger overhangs require abnormal load procedures.
Question 49: What ADR certificate must a driver carry when transporting certain quantities of dangerous goods?
- A HAZMAT employer declaration
- A standard LGV licence endorsement
- A Transport Manager's certificate
- An ADR vocational training certificate (also called an ADR licence) (Correct answer)
Correct answer: An ADR vocational training certificate (also called an ADR licence)
Drivers transporting dangerous goods in quantities above ADR thresholds must hold a valid ADR vocational training certificate. Certificates are issued following approved training and examination and must be renewed every 5 years.
Question 50: What is the total stopping distance at 70 mph in ideal dry conditions (car basis)?
- 73 metres
- 96 metres (315 feet) (Correct answer)
- 120 metres
- 80 metres
Correct answer: 96 metres (315 feet)
At 70 mph, the Highway Code gives a total stopping distance of approximately 96 metres (315 feet): 21 metres thinking distance plus 75 metres braking distance. For an LGV at 60 mph (their maximum), stopping distances will be considerably greater.
Question 51: What is the purpose of the trailer emergency line (red coupling)?
- To supply electrical power to the trailer
- To provide heating to the trailer
- To automatically apply the trailer brakes if the trailer separates from the tractor unit (Correct answer)
- To supply air for the trailer air suspension
Correct answer: To automatically apply the trailer brakes if the trailer separates from the tractor unit
The emergency line (red coupling head) maintains air pressure in the trailer's emergency relay valve. If the trailer separates from the tractor, this line loses pressure, causing the emergency relay valve to apply the trailer brakes automatically, bringing the trailer to a halt.
Question 52: What should an LGV driver do if they find a cracked or damaged wheel nut during a pre-departure check?
- Drive only short distances at low speed
- Do not drive β report the defect immediately and have the wheel nut replaced (Correct answer)
- Report it at the end of the working day
- Tighten the nut further and continue
Correct answer: Do not drive β report the defect immediately and have the wheel nut replaced
Cracked or damaged wheel nuts are a serious safety defect. A wheel could detach at speed, causing a potentially fatal accident. The vehicle must not be driven until the defect is repaired.
Question 53: What does the UN number 1203 on an orange Kemler plate indicate?
- Diesel fuel
- Liquid petroleum gas
- Heating oil
- Petrol (gasoline/motor fuel) (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Petrol (gasoline/motor fuel)
UN 1203 is the UN number for petrol (gasoline/motor fuel). This is one of the most common UN numbers seen on tankers. Understanding common UN numbers helps drivers and emergency services identify substances quickly.
Question 54: When a driver takes a 45-minute break, can they split it?
- Yes: any two periods totalling 45 minutes
- Yes: first 15 minutes then 30 minutes, in that order only (Correct answer)
- Yes: 20 minutes then 25 minutes
- No: it must be taken as one continuous 45-minute break
Correct answer: Yes: first 15 minutes then 30 minutes, in that order only
The 45-minute break can be split into two parts: the first must be at least 15 minutes and the second must be at least 30 minutes, and they must be taken in that order. The order cannot be reversed.
Question 55: What is the maximum weekly driving time under EU rules?
- 50 hours
- 56 hours (Correct answer)
- 60 hours
- 48 hours
Correct answer: 56 hours
The maximum driving time in any single week is 56 hours under EU Regulation 561/2006. However, the fortnightly limit of 90 hours also applies.
Question 56: What is the minimum daily rest period required for an LGV driver?
- 10 consecutive hours
- 9 consecutive hours
- 11 consecutive hours (Correct answer)
- 8 consecutive hours
Correct answer: 11 consecutive hours
The minimum daily rest period is 11 consecutive hours. This can be reduced to 9 consecutive hours (reduced rest) no more than three times between any two weekly rests.
Question 57: What is 'AETR' in the context of drivers' hours rules?
- A UK tachograph calibration standard
- A European agreement on driving hours applicable to non-EU countries (Correct answer)
- An EU regulation on driver training
- A type of digital tachograph
Correct answer: A European agreement on driving hours applicable to non-EU countries
AETR (Accord EuropΓ©en sur les Transports Routiers) is a European agreement that extends similar driving hours rules to countries that are not EU member states. Journeys to or through AETR countries must comply with AETR rules.
Question 58: Why should an LGV driver be extra cautious at crossroads?
- LGVs have right of way at all crossroads
- Other road users may emerge from multiple directions, and the LGV's blind spots increase the risk of missing them (Correct answer)
- Crossroads are only dangerous in rural areas
- Crossroads are always controlled by traffic lights
Correct answer: Other road users may emerge from multiple directions, and the LGV's blind spots increase the risk of missing them
Crossroads present multiple conflict points β vehicles, cyclists, and pedestrians can approach from four directions. An LGV's large blind spots make it particularly difficult to see all potential hazards. Extra observation time and slower speeds are essential.
Question 59: When must an LGV driver use hazard warning lights?
- When driving slowly in traffic
- At all times when driving at night
- Whenever reversing
- When the vehicle has broken down and is a temporary obstruction (Correct answer)
Correct answer: When the vehicle has broken down and is a temporary obstruction
Hazard warning lights should only be used when the vehicle is stationary and is a temporary obstruction, or briefly on a motorway to warn following drivers of a hazard ahead.
Question 60: What is the rule for segregation of dangerous goods from food in the same vehicle?
- Only Class 1 (explosives) cannot be loaded with food
- Dangerous goods that could contaminate food (toxic, corrosive, infectious) must be segregated from food shipments and adequate separation maintained (Correct answer)
- Food and all dangerous goods can be co-loaded if both are packaged
- Segregation from food only applies to liquid dangerous goods
Correct answer: Dangerous goods that could contaminate food (toxic, corrosive, infectious) must be segregated from food shipments and adequate separation maintained
ADR requires that dangerous goods that could contaminate food (particularly toxic, corrosive, or infectious substances) must not be loaded in the same vehicle as food or animal feed unless adequately separated by a solid partition or sufficient distance.
Question 61: What effect does a wet road surface have on braking distance?
- It increases braking distance by 25% only
- It has minimal effect on air-braked vehicles
- It typically doubles the braking distance compared to a dry road (Correct answer)
- It only affects front wheel braking
Correct answer: It typically doubles the braking distance compared to a dry road
A wet road surface approximately doubles stopping distances because the water film between the tyre and road surface reduces friction (grip). LGV drivers must double their following distance in wet conditions.
Question 62: Why are bends particularly hazardous for LGV drivers?
- Bends are only hazardous in winter
- Only sharp bends are hazardous
- LGVs cannot go around bends
- The vehicle's length means the rear may cut across the opposite lane or verge, and visibility ahead is limited (Correct answer)
Correct answer: The vehicle's length means the rear may cut across the opposite lane or verge, and visibility ahead is limited
LGVs have significant rear cut-in on bends, meaning the trailer tracks inside the tractor's path. This can cause the rear to clip verges, cyclists, or cross into the opposite lane. Additionally, forward visibility is reduced on bends, hiding potential hazards.
Question 63: Can a driver use a ferry crossing as a rest period?
- Yes, if it lasts at least one hour and a suitable sleeping facility is available (Correct answer)
- No, ferry crossings never count as rest
- Yes, any ferry crossing counts as rest regardless of duration
- Only if the driver is off the vehicle
Correct answer: Yes, if it lasts at least one hour and a suitable sleeping facility is available
A driver can take their regular or reduced daily rest on a ferry or train if the crossing is at least one hour, a suitable bunk or couchette is available, and it is used for sleeping.
Question 64: At what point is a driver allowed to reverse on a motorway?
- Only for distances less than 50 metres
- Only if they have missed their junction
- With a police officer directing traffic only
- Never β reversing on a motorway is prohibited (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Never β reversing on a motorway is prohibited
Reversing on a motorway is absolutely prohibited. If a driver misses their junction, they must continue to the next junction. Reversing on a motorway is extremely dangerous and is a serious traffic offence.
Question 65: What is the purpose of a 'DVSA defect reporting system' or 'driver defect report'?
- To inform DVSA directly of every defect
- To list the vehicle's load details
- To record the driver's working hours
- To document defects found during the walkaround so the operator can arrange repair (Correct answer)
Correct answer: To document defects found during the walkaround so the operator can arrange repair
The driver defect report is a formal record of defects found during the daily walkaround check. The driver must complete it and the operator must ensure the defects are rectified before the vehicle goes back into service.
Question 66: How must a driver record a period of rest taken away from the vehicle during a working day?
- As availability
- As a break using the break/rest mode on the tachograph (Correct answer)
- As other work
- It does not need to be recorded
Correct answer: As a break using the break/rest mode on the tachograph
Any rest period must be recorded using the break/rest mode on the tachograph. Rest periods taken away from the vehicle should be recorded in the same way as rest taken in the vehicle.
Question 67: Which of the following vehicles is exempt from EU tachograph rules?
- All vehicles used for agricultural purposes
- Vehicles used for the carriage of goods with a maximum authorised mass not exceeding 3.5 tonnes (Correct answer)
- Vehicles used only at night
- Vehicles travelling less than 100 km
Correct answer: Vehicles used for the carriage of goods with a maximum authorised mass not exceeding 3.5 tonnes
Vehicles with a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of 3.5 tonnes or less are generally exempt from EU tachograph requirements. Many other exemptions also exist for specific vehicle types and operations.
Question 68: Under ADR, what does Class 2 dangerous goods cover?
- Only compressed gases
- Gases β including flammable gases, non-flammable non-toxic gases, and toxic gases (Correct answer)
- Only flammable gases
- Only cryogenic gases
Correct answer: Gases β including flammable gases, non-flammable non-toxic gases, and toxic gases
ADR Class 2 covers all gases, divided into three categories: 2.1 Flammable gases (e.g., LPG, hydrogen), 2.2 Non-flammable non-toxic gases (e.g., compressed air, carbon dioxide), and 2.3 Toxic gases (e.g., chlorine, ammonia).
Question 69: What should an LGV driver do when approaching a road that narrows with oncoming traffic?
- Flash headlights to claim right of way
- Speed up to get through first
- Use the horn to warn oncoming traffic
- Assess whether there is room for both vehicles, be prepared to stop, and give way if necessary β considering the LGV's width (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Assess whether there is room for both vehicles, be prepared to stop, and give way if necessary β considering the LGV's width
The driver should assess the available width, consider their vehicle's dimensions, slow down, and be prepared to stop if there is insufficient room for both vehicles. Priority signs may indicate who has right of way, but the LGV driver should always err on the side of caution.
Question 70: What does a motorway matrix sign showing a red X above a lane mean?
- Emergency vehicles using that lane
- Reduce speed in that lane
- Caution β hazard in that lane
- That lane is closed β you must not drive in it (Correct answer)
Correct answer: That lane is closed β you must not drive in it
A red X on a motorway matrix sign (overhead gantry) means the lane is closed and must not be used. Driving in a lane with a red X displayed is illegal and dangerous.
Question 71: Can a driver interrupt their daily rest period under EU rules?
- Never β the rest must be uninterrupted
- Yes, for meal breaks only
- Yes, as many times as they want
- Only if travelling by ferry or train β the rest can be interrupted twice for boarding/alighting (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Only if travelling by ferry or train β the rest can be interrupted twice for boarding/alighting
A regular daily rest can be interrupted no more than twice for the purpose of boarding or leaving a ferry or train, provided the driver has access to a bunk or couchette. Each interruption must not exceed one hour, and the total rest must still be 11 hours.
Question 72: How often must an operator download data from a digital tachograph vehicle unit?
- At least every 90 days (Correct answer)
- At least every 28 days
- At least every 120 days
- At least every 56 days
Correct answer: At least every 90 days
Operators must download data from the vehicle unit at least every 90 days. Driver card data must be downloaded at least every 28 days.
Question 73: How does road camber affect an LGV's braking distance?
- Positive camber always reduces braking distance
- Road camber has no effect on braking for air-braked vehicles
- Adverse camber (leaning away from the bend) can reduce cornering grip and extend effective braking distance (Correct answer)
- Camber only affects steering, not braking
Correct answer: Adverse camber (leaning away from the bend) can reduce cornering grip and extend effective braking distance
Road camber affects the load distribution on tyres. Adverse camber (leaning away from a bend) shifts weight onto the outer tyres and reduces overall grip. When combined with braking, this can increase stopping distance and cause instability.
Question 74: What does a radioactive (Class 7) transport index (TI) number indicate?
- The level of radiation dose rate at 1 metre from the package β used to control accumulation limits in vehicles (Correct answer)
- The driver's permitted exposure time
- The weight of the radioactive package
- The total activity of the radioactive substance
Correct answer: The level of radiation dose rate at 1 metre from the package β used to control accumulation limits in vehicles
The Transport Index (TI) is a number on the label of a radioactive package indicating the maximum radiation dose rate in microsieverts per hour at 1 metre from the surface. TI values are used by carriers to ensure safe accumulation limits are not exceeded.
Question 75: Under EU rules, what is the minimum weekly rest period?
- 45 consecutive hours (Correct answer)
- 24 consecutive hours
- 36 consecutive hours
- 48 consecutive hours
Correct answer: 45 consecutive hours
The minimum regular weekly rest is 45 consecutive hours. A reduced weekly rest of 24 hours is permitted but must be compensated for by an equivalent period of rest taken before the end of the third week.
Question 76: What is the significance of the letter 'X' at the start of a Kemler code?
- It means the substance requires an escort
- The substance must not come into contact with water (Correct answer)
- It indicates explosive risk
- It indicates the goods are radioactive
Correct answer: The substance must not come into contact with water
In the Kemler code, a leading 'X' (e.g. X80) means the substance reacts dangerously with water. Emergency services must not use water to fight a fire involving such substances, as this could cause a violent reaction or release of toxic gas.
Question 77: What could happen if a driver fails to perform a proper tug test after coupling?
- The brakes would work better
- The coupling may not be fully locked, and the trailer could separate from the tractor while driving (Correct answer)
- Nothing β tug tests are optional
- The engine might overheat
Correct answer: The coupling may not be fully locked, and the trailer could separate from the tractor while driving
Without a tug test, the 5th wheel jaws may appear closed but not be fully locked around the kingpin. A partial engagement could release under load, causing the trailer to separate from the tractor at speed β an extremely dangerous situation that has caused fatal incidents.
Question 78: What is the Highway Code's stopping distance at 30 mph?
- 30 metres
- 18 metres
- 14 metres
- 23 metres (75 feet) (Correct answer)
Correct answer: 23 metres (75 feet)
At 30 mph, the Highway Code gives a total stopping distance of 23 metres (75 feet): 9 metres thinking distance plus 14 metres braking distance. This is for a car in ideal conditions β a loaded LGV would need considerably more.
Question 79: What is the national speed limit for an LGV over 7.5 tonnes on a single carriageway road?
- 40 mph
- 60 mph
- 50 mph (Correct answer)
- 55 mph
Correct answer: 50 mph
LGVs exceeding 7.5 tonnes are restricted to 50 mph on single carriageway roads, which is lower than the 60 mph limit for cars on the same road type.
Question 80: An LGV is traveling in lane 2 overtaking another lorry. The driver of the vehicle in lane 1 increases speed. What should the LGV driver in lane 2 do?
- Accelerate to force the overtake
- Complete the overtake safely if possible, or abandon it and return to lane 1 if it cannot be completed safely (Correct answer)
- Stay in lane 2 indefinitely until the other vehicle passes
- Flash headlights to signal the lane 1 driver to slow down
Correct answer: Complete the overtake safely if possible, or abandon it and return to lane 1 if it cannot be completed safely
If the overtake cannot be completed safely, the driver should abandon it and return to lane 1. Forcing an unsafe overtake at motorway speeds is extremely dangerous with heavy vehicles. Never use headlight flashing to pressure other drivers.
Question 81: What is a 'packing group' in ADR?
- The number of packages in a consignment
- A classification (I, II, or III) indicating the danger level of the goods β Group I is most dangerous (Correct answer)
- The maximum weight per package
- The type of container used for packing
Correct answer: A classification (I, II, or III) indicating the danger level of the goods β Group I is most dangerous
Packing groups (I, II, III) classify the degree of danger within a class. Group I substances are highly dangerous, Group II are medium danger, and Group III are low danger. The packing group determines the packaging standards required.
Question 82: What does 'out of scope' mean in relation to tachograph rules?
- The tachograph is recording out of range data
- The journey or vehicle is exempt from EU tachograph regulations (Correct answer)
- The driver is outside the UK
- The vehicle is outside its licensed operating area
Correct answer: The journey or vehicle is exempt from EU tachograph regulations
'Out of scope' means the journey, vehicle, or operation is exempt from EU tachograph regulations. In this case, the driver may still need to comply with domestic (GB) drivers' hours rules.
Question 83: What is a 'tunnel restriction code' in ADR?
- A code (A-E) that restricts which road tunnels certain dangerous goods may pass through (Correct answer)
- A speed limit code for dangerous goods in tunnels
- An additional training requirement for drivers using tunnels
- A fire suppression requirement for tunnel use
Correct answer: A code (A-E) that restricts which road tunnels certain dangerous goods may pass through
ADR tunnel restriction codes (A through E) specify restrictions on passing through tunnels with certain dangerous goods. Code E is the most restrictive. Each dangerous substance is assigned a code, and tunnels are categorised. Drivers must check both the substance code and the tunnel category.
Question 84: What is the minimum efficiency required for the service brake on an HGV at its annual test?
- 50% (Correct answer)
- 25%
- 60%
- 43%
Correct answer: 50%
The minimum service brake efficiency required at the annual test is 50% for vehicles first used on or after 1 January 2012. Older vehicles may have a requirement of 43%. The parking brake must achieve at least 16% efficiency.
Question 85: What is the effect of excessive speed on braking distance?
- Doubling speed doubles braking distance
- Speed affects thinking distance only
- Speed has a linear effect on stopping distance
- Doubling speed quadruples braking distance β the relationship is exponential, not linear (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Doubling speed quadruples braking distance β the relationship is exponential, not linear
Braking distance increases with the square of speed (kinetic energy = Β½mvΒ²). Doubling speed from 30 to 60 mph increases braking distance by a factor of four. This exponential relationship is why high speed is so dangerous for heavy vehicles.
Question 86: What should a driver check about the trailer kingpin before coupling?
- Only its colour
- That it is not worn, bent, or cracked, and that the trailer plate is not damaged (Correct answer)
- Nothing β the kingpin is maintenance-free
- That it is rusty β rust means it is strong
Correct answer: That it is not worn, bent, or cracked, and that the trailer plate is not damaged
The kingpin should be inspected for wear, bending, cracking, or damage. The trailer coupling plate should also be checked for cracks or distortion. A worn or damaged kingpin may not lock securely in the 5th wheel jaws.
Question 87: How does driving with a fully loaded trailer affect the stopping characteristics compared to the tractor unit alone?
- A fully loaded trailer actually improves stopping by increasing rear traction
- Only the tractor unit's brakes matter β trailer brakes are supplementary
- The trailer brakes compensate, making stopping similar to the tractor alone
- The combination has greater mass and momentum, significantly increasing stopping distance and requiring anticipatory braking (Correct answer)
Correct answer: The combination has greater mass and momentum, significantly increasing stopping distance and requiring anticipatory braking
A fully loaded articulated combination has vastly more mass than the tractor alone. The increase in kinetic energy means stopping distances are proportionally much longer. Both tractor and trailer brakes are needed, and brake balance (EBS) is critical to prevent jack-knife.
Question 88: A driver uses the 'other work' mode on their tachograph. What does this cover?
- Time spent waiting at a loading bay (not working)
- Break periods during the shift
- Rest taken in the vehicle
- Any work other than driving, such as loading or administration (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Any work other than driving, such as loading or administration
The 'other work' mode covers all work-related activities other than driving, such as loading, unloading, vehicle checks, administrative tasks, and other work for the employer.
Question 89: What are the penalties for drivers' hours offences in the UK?
- Fixed penalties of up to Β£300 per offence, with more serious cases resulting in prosecution, unlimited fines, and possible imprisonment (Correct answer)
- No penalties β the rules are advisory
- A letter to the driver's employer
- A verbal warning only
Correct answer: Fixed penalties of up to Β£300 per offence, with more serious cases resulting in prosecution, unlimited fines, and possible imprisonment
DVSA can issue fixed penalties of up to Β£300 per offence. Serious or persistent offences can lead to prosecution in court with unlimited fines and potential imprisonment. The driver's licence can also be affected, and the operator's OCRS score worsened.
Question 90: Under GB domestic drivers' hours rules, what is the maximum daily driving time?
- 9 hours
- 10 hours (Correct answer)
- 11 hours
- No specific limit β only daily duty time is restricted
Correct answer: 10 hours
Under GB domestic rules, the maximum daily driving time is 10 hours. This differs from the EU rules (9 hours, extendable to 10 twice a week). GB domestic rules apply to vehicles exempt from EU rules, such as those operating within a 50km radius.
Question 91: What is the correct procedure if the low air pressure warning activates while driving?
- Turn off the warning light and continue
- Continue driving slowly
- Stop as soon as safely possible, do not continue driving until the fault is identified and fixed (Correct answer)
- Pump the brake pedal rapidly to build up pressure
Correct answer: Stop as soon as safely possible, do not continue driving until the fault is identified and fixed
If the low air pressure warning activates, the driver must stop as soon as safely possible. Continuing to drive with low air pressure risks total brake failure and the automatic application of spring brakes at speed, which could cause loss of control.
Question 92: What placards (diamond-shaped labels) must be displayed on a vehicle carrying dangerous goods?
- Small labels on the cargo only β no vehicle signs needed
- Large diamond hazard warning placards (250mm minimum) on both sides and rear of the vehicle, and any required orange Kemler plates (Correct answer)
- Only on the front of the vehicle
- Only on the rear of the vehicle
Correct answer: Large diamond hazard warning placards (250mm minimum) on both sides and rear of the vehicle, and any required orange Kemler plates
Vehicles carrying dangerous goods above threshold quantities must display large diamond placards (minimum 250mm) on the front, both sides, and rear of the vehicle. The placards must correspond to the hazard class(es) of the goods carried.
Question 93: What is the 'proper shipping name' in ADR documentation?
- The commercial brand name of the product
- The name of the consignee's substance reference
- The standardised technical name of the substance as listed in the ADR dangerous goods list β not a brand name (Correct answer)
- The driver's description of the load
Correct answer: The standardised technical name of the substance as listed in the ADR dangerous goods list β not a brand name
The proper shipping name is the standardised technical name listed in the ADR dangerous goods table for each UN number. It must be used on all transport documents. Commercial or trade names alone are not acceptable as they do not clearly identify the hazard.
Question 94: What additional braking distance must an LGV driver allow when driving with a trailer in a 'jack-knife' risk situation?
- Reduce speed and use the trailer brake lever independently
- Increase following distance significantly and brake progressively β jack-knife prevention requires gentle brake application (Correct answer)
- Brake harder and faster to prevent jack-knife
- Only worry about jack-knife on icy roads
Correct answer: Increase following distance significantly and brake progressively β jack-knife prevention requires gentle brake application
Jack-knife occurs when the trailer pushes around the tractor unit due to overbraking or slippery conditions. Prevention requires progressive braking (not harsh), maintaining trailer alignment, and using EBS/ABS systems. Increasing following distance reduces the need for emergency stops.
Question 95: What is the 'excepted quantity' (EQ) concept in ADR?
- Quantities above which a full ADR certificate is required
- Very small quantities of certain dangerous goods exempt from most ADR requirements β even smaller than limited quantities (Correct answer)
- A quantity exemption for vehicles over 7.5 tonnes only
- Quantities exempt from carriage document requirements only
Correct answer: Very small quantities of certain dangerous goods exempt from most ADR requirements β even smaller than limited quantities
Excepted Quantities allow tiny amounts of certain dangerous goods (typically milligrams to a few millilitres per package) to be transported with minimal ADR requirements. They are indicated by a diamond mark with 'E' followed by a number on the package.
Question 96: Under GB domestic drivers' hours rules, what is the maximum daily driving time?
- 10 hours (Correct answer)
- 8 hours
- 9 hours
- 12 hours
Correct answer: 10 hours
Under GB domestic drivers' hours rules (which apply to certain exempt vehicles not covered by EU rules), the maximum daily driving time is 10 hours.
Question 97: What colour is the background of the ADR warning placard for flammable liquids (Class 3)?
- Yellow
- Red (Correct answer)
- Orange
- Green
Correct answer: Red
Class 3 flammable liquid ADR placards have a red background with a flame symbol. Red is the internationally recognised colour for fire hazard in the ADR/GHS labelling system.
Question 98: What happens to LGV braking performance when driving downhill on a motorway approach gradient?
- Braking distances decrease as gravity assists stopping
- Higher speed is safe downhill as the brakes work harder
- Braking distances increase significantly β higher weight means more momentum (Correct answer)
- Braking performance is unaffected by gradient for air-braked vehicles
Correct answer: Braking distances increase significantly β higher weight means more momentum
A heavily loaded LGV has far greater kinetic energy than a car. Descending a gradient increases approach speed and reduces the effectiveness of brakes over time (brake fade with continuous application). LGV drivers must use engine braking and select low gears before descending.
Question 99: What is the function of the spring brake on an HGV?
- To apply the parking brake using powerful springs when air pressure is released (Correct answer)
- To support the suspension
- To provide additional speed
- To assist with steering
Correct answer: To apply the parking brake using powerful springs when air pressure is released
Spring brakes use powerful compression springs to apply the parking brake. When air pressure is released (by the parking brake valve), the springs push against the brake diaphragm to apply the brakes. They also act as an emergency brake if air pressure is lost.
Question 100: When approaching a school at the end of the day, what hazards should an LGV driver anticipate?
- Children running into the road, parked vehicles reducing visibility, parents doing U-turns, and crossing patrols (Correct answer)
- Only the speed limit
- No particular hazards
- Just the school crossing patrol
Correct answer: Children running into the road, parked vehicles reducing visibility, parents doing U-turns, and crossing patrols
Near schools, LGV drivers should anticipate children running into the road from between parked cars, reduced visibility from parked vehicles, parents making unexpected manoeuvres, crossing patrols, and icy patches near school entrances in winter.
UK LGV Theory Test (Driver CPC Part 1)
The UK Large Goods Vehicle (LGV) theory test is the multiple-choice component of Driver CPC Part 1, assessing knowledge of the Highway Code, road safety, tachograph rules, drivers' hours, vehicle loading, dangerous goods, and LGV-specific regulations required to drive lorries professionally in Great Britain.
Exam Rules
- You can skip questions and return to them later
- Flag questions for review before submitting
- No feedback shown until you submit the entire exam
- Unanswered questions count as wrong β answer everything
- 10 pretest questions are mixed in and don't affect your score
- Timer auto-submits when time runs out
- Your progress is auto-saved every 30 seconds