Abstract and Logical Patterns Flashcards

A pattern of letters reads: A, C, E, G, ___. What letter comes next?

Answer: I

The sequence skips every other letter (A, C, E, G, I), so the next letter is I.

Each row in a table sums to the same total. Row 1: 4, 7, 9. Row 2: 6, 5, 9. What must the missing value in row 3 be if row 3 starts with 8, 3, ___?

Answer: 9

Each row sums to 20, so the missing value is 20 − 8 − 3 = 9.

A shape sequence shows increasing complexity: 1 line, 3 lines, 6 lines, 10 lines, ___. What is the next term?

Answer: 15

The differences are +2, +3, +4, +5, so the next term is 10 + 5 = 15.

In an analogy: ■■□ is to ■□■ as ●●○ is to ___.

Answer: ●○●

The transformation moves the middle element to the end: ■■□ → ■□■ means the second position swaps with the third, giving ●○●.

A clock face is used as a pattern grid. The minute hand moves +15 minutes each step: 12, 3, 6, ___. What position comes next?

Answer: 9

Adding 15 minutes each time: 12 o'clock → 3 → 6 → 9.

A logical set rule states: all members of set X are in set Y, and no members of set Z are in set Y. Which statement must be true?

Answer: No X members are in Z

Since all X ⊆ Y and Z ∩ Y = ∅, it follows that X and Z share no members.

A pattern divides a square into smaller squares. Step 1: 1 square. Step 2: 4 squares. Step 3: 9 squares. What is step 5?

Answer: 25

The number of squares at step n is n², so step 5 = 5² = 25.