NURSING SCHOOL Study Guide 2026

Elevating the head of the bed 30–45 degrees during and after tube feedings reduces the risk of aspiration by using gravity to keep the stomach contents from refluxing.

Normal urine output is approximately 30 mL/hr; 200 mL over 8 hours (25 mL/hr) is below the minimum threshold and indicates oliguria.

The CDC recommends scrubbing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds to effectively reduce microbial load.

Verifying NG tube placement before each feeding is the priority to prevent aspiration pneumonia from inadvertent pulmonary feeding.

Eating, drinking, or smoking can alter oral temperature readings, so the nurse should wait 15–30 minutes after these activities for an accurate result.

The five rights of medication administration are: right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, and right time — all must be verified before giving any medication.