LVN Patient Care Fundamentals 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What are vital signs and why are they important?
- Temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure — they indicate basic body functions and detect abnormalities (Correct answer)
- Only blood pressure
- Only temperature
- Only heart rate
Correct answer: Temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure — they indicate basic body functions and detect abnormalities
Vital signs are key indicators of physiological function; abnormalities can signal deteriorating health.
Question 2: What is the nursing process?
- Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADPIE) (Correct answer)
- Medication administration only
- Patient discharge planning
- Filing paperwork
Correct answer: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADPIE)
The nursing process provides a systematic framework for delivering patient care.
Question 3: What is patient positioning and why does it matter?
- Proper body alignment to prevent complications like pressure ulcers, contractures, and respiratory issues (Correct answer)
- Only for comfort
- Only during surgery
- Only for sleeping patients
Correct answer: Proper body alignment to prevent complications like pressure ulcers, contractures, and respiratory issues
Correct positioning prevents skin breakdown, promotes breathing, and maintains musculoskeletal alignment.
Question 4: What is the difference between subjective and objective data?
- Subjective is what the patient reports; objective is what can be measured or observed (Correct answer)
- They are the same
- Only objective data matters
- Only subjective data is documented
Correct answer: Subjective is what the patient reports; objective is what can be measured or observed
Subjective data comes from the patient (symptoms, feelings); objective data is measurable (vital signs, lab results, physical exam findings).
Question 5: What is sterile technique?
- A method of preventing all microorganisms from entering a wound or sterile field (Correct answer)
- Regular hand washing
- Wearing gloves only
- Cleaning surfaces
Correct answer: A method of preventing all microorganisms from entering a wound or sterile field
Sterile technique maintains a microorganism-free environment for procedures like wound care and catheter insertion.
Question 6: What is patient advocacy?
- Acting in the patient's best interest by supporting their rights, preferences, and safety (Correct answer)
- Marketing hospital services
- Recruiting new patients
- Billing on behalf of patients
Correct answer: Acting in the patient's best interest by supporting their rights, preferences, and safety
Patient advocacy ensures patients' voices are heard and their rights are protected throughout their care.
