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Medical Emergencies Flashcards

7 cards from real FISDAP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Medical Emergencies flashcards as text

  1. You are treating a 60-year-old male with syncope. His 12-lead ECG shows a PR interval of 0.32 seconds with a consistent 1:1 P-to-QRS ratio. How should this dysrhythmia be classified?

    Answer: First-degree AV block

    First-degree AV block is defined by a prolonged PR interval (>0.20 seconds) with every P wave followed by a QRS complex.

  2. A patient is found unresponsive with a blood glucose of 420 mg/dL, fruity breath odor, and Kussmaul respirations. Urinalysis shows ketones. Which fluid would be MOST appropriate for initial prehospital resuscitation?

    Answer: Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) IV bolus

    Normal saline is the first-line fluid for DKA resuscitation to restore intravascular volume before any glucose-containing or hypotonic solutions.

  3. Which of the following presentations is MOST consistent with a pulmonary embolism (PE)?

    Answer: Sudden pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, and recent long-haul flight

    Sudden pleuritic chest pain with unexplained tachycardia and recent immobilization (long-haul flight) are classic risk factors and symptoms for pulmonary embolism.

  4. A 22-year-old female presents with anxiety, palpitations, heat intolerance, weight loss, and exophthalmos. Vital signs show HR 130, BP 150/90, temp 38.8°C. What is the most likely underlying condition?

    Answer: Hyperthyroid crisis (thyroid storm)

    Exophthalmos (eye protrusion) combined with hyperthermia, tachycardia, and classic thyroid symptoms points specifically to thyroid storm.

  5. During a call for altered mental status, you note a patient with a 'garlic-like' odor, excessive salivation, lacrimation, urination, and pinpoint pupils. Which class of toxin is most likely involved?

    Answer: Organophosphates

    The SLUDGE/DUMBELS toxidrome (salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, etc.) with miosis and garlic odor is classic for organophosphate or carbamate poisoning.

  6. A 68-year-old male with a pacemaker presents with a heart rate of 38 bpm, dizziness, and near-syncope. His ECG shows pacemaker spikes not followed by QRS complexes. This is best described as:

    Answer: Failure to capture

    Failure to capture occurs when pacemaker spikes are present but do not successfully depolarize the myocardium, resulting in no QRS complexes following the spike.

  7. A 50-year-old male presents with sudden onset of severe low back pain radiating to the groin and a pulsatile abdominal mass on palpation. BP is 90/60 mmHg. What is the priority intervention?

    Answer: Rapid transport to a trauma/vascular center with permissive hypotension management

    A pulsatile abdominal mass with hypotension indicates a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm requiring immediate surgical intervention; rapid transport with permissive hypotension avoids clot disruption.