ENPC Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards

A 5-year-old presents with fever, severe sore throat, drooling, and tripod positioning. What is the PRIORITY nursing action?

Answer: Prepare for airway management in a controlled setting with ENT and anesthesia present

Epiglottitis with tripod positioning is a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate controlled airway management to prevent complete obstruction.

Which assessment finding is MOST indicative of tension pneumothorax in a pediatric trauma patient?

Answer: Tracheal deviation away from the affected side with hypotension and absent breath sounds

Tension pneumothorax classically presents with tracheal deviation away from the affected side combined with hemodynamic compromise.

A 6-month-old presents with rapid breathing, nasal flaring, and wheezing during RSV season. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer: Bronchiolitis

RSV bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory infection in infants, presenting with wheezing and respiratory distress during winter.

Evidence-based management of bronchiolitis in an infant with moderate respiratory distress primarily includes:

Answer: Supportive care with supplemental oxygen, nasal suctioning, and hydration

Bronchiolitis management is primarily supportive, as bronchodilators and corticosteroids have not shown consistent clinical benefit.

A child has SpO2 of 88% despite non-rebreather mask oxygen. Which intervention is MOST appropriate?

Answer: Initiate high-flow nasal cannula or prepare for non-invasive positive pressure ventilation

Persistent hypoxemia despite a non-rebreather mask indicates the need for escalation to high-flow nasal cannula or non-invasive ventilation.

After a near-drowning event, which finding MOST warrants hospital admission for monitoring?

Answer: Any submersion with loss of consciousness or that required resuscitation

Any child who required resuscitation or lost consciousness during submersion must be admitted to monitor for delayed pulmonary complications.