Practice Test GeeksEDAIC - European Diploma in Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Practice Test
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Basic Sciences Flashcards

7 cards from real EDAIC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which phase of hepatic drug metabolism involves oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis reactions via cytochrome P450 enzymes?

    Answer: Phase I

    Phase I metabolism introduces or exposes functional groups via CYP450-mediated oxidation/reduction/hydrolysis, often producing metabolites more reactive than the parent drug.

  2. In the context of neuromuscular monitoring, a train-of-four (TOF) ratio of less than 0.9 indicates:

    Answer: Residual neuromuscular blockade

    A TOF ratio <0.9 indicates incomplete recovery and is associated with clinically significant residual paralysis including impaired airway protective reflexes.

  3. Ketamine's unique cardiovascular stimulating properties are primarily mediated by:

    Answer: Central sympathetic nervous system stimulation

    Ketamine indirectly increases heart rate and blood pressure by stimulating central sympathetic outflow and inhibiting catecholamine reuptake, masking its direct myocardial depressant effects.

  4. The concentration of CO2 at the end of a normal tidal exhalation (PETCO2) is approximately how much less than PaCO2 in a healthy adult?

    Answer: 2–5 mmHg less

    The normal Pa-ETCO2 gradient is 2–5 mmHg due to alveolar dead space diluting end-tidal CO2; this gradient widens with V/Q mismatch or increased dead space.

  5. Which factor most significantly determines the rate of inhalational anesthetic induction (speed of rise of FA/FI)?

    Answer: Blood:gas partition coefficient of the agent

    A low blood:gas partition coefficient means the agent is poorly soluble in blood, so alveolar partial pressure rises quickly toward inspired concentration, speeding induction.

  6. The primary buffer system responsible for buffering CO2 in the blood is:

    Answer: Bicarbonate buffer system (CO2/HCO3-)

    The bicarbonate system is quantitatively most important for CO2 buffering in plasma; CO2 + H2O ⇌ H2CO3 ⇌ H+ + HCO3- with carbonic anhydrase catalyzing the reaction in erythrocytes.

  7. Neostigmine reverses non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockade by which mechanism?

    Answer: Inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, increasing ACh at the NMJ

    Neostigmine inhibits acetylcholinesterase, preventing ACh breakdown and increasing its concentration at the neuromuscular junction, competitively overcoming the non-depolarizing block.