Pediatric Gastroenterology Flashcards
6 cards from real CGRN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Pediatric Gastroenterology flashcards as text
Which finding differentiates pyloric stenosis from GERD in a 4-week-old infant?
Answer: Projectile non-bilious vomiting after feeding
Pyloric stenosis presents with forceful, projectile, non-bilious vomiting due to gastric outlet obstruction, typically at 2–8 weeks of age.
Which pediatric GI condition is characterized by absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon?
Answer: Hirschsprung disease
Hirschsprung disease results from failure of neural crest cell migration, leaving a segment of colon without enteric ganglion cells and unable to relax.
The classic triad of intussusception in a toddler includes colicky abdominal pain, vomiting, and which other finding?
Answer: Currant-jelly stools
Currant-jelly stools result from mucosal ischemia and sloughing caused by the invaginated bowel obstructing blood supply.
An infant with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) on X-ray will most likely show which finding?
Answer: Pneumatosis intestinalis
Pneumatosis intestinalis — air within the bowel wall — is the pathognomonic radiographic finding of necrotizing enterocolitis.
Which condition should be ruled out first in a child presenting with painless rectal bleeding and a Meckel's scan?
Answer: Meckel's diverticulum with ectopic gastric mucosa
Meckel's diverticulum with ectopic gastric mucosa secretes acid that ulcerates adjacent ileum, causing painless rectal bleeding detectable by technetium-99m scan.
At what age should the CGRN nurse anticipate that pediatric colonoscopy requires general anesthesia rather than conscious sedation?
Answer: Typically children under 12 years require general anesthesia or deep sedation
Children under 12 years typically require deep sedation or general anesthesia for colonoscopy due to inability to cooperate and higher anxiety compared to adults.