Humanities & Social Sciences Flashcards

In Australian history, the 1967 referendum is significant because it:

Answer: Allowed Aboriginal Australians to be counted in the national census

The 1967 referendum amended the Constitution to include Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in the national census and gave the Commonwealth power to make laws for them.

Which economic concept describes the cost of the next best alternative foregone when making a decision?

Answer: Opportunity cost

Opportunity cost is the value of the best alternative given up when a choice is made, a foundational concept in economics.

In political science, 'separation of powers' refers to:

Answer: The division of government into legislative, executive, and judicial branches

Separation of powers divides government authority among the legislature (makes laws), executive (implements laws), and judiciary (interprets laws) to prevent concentration of power.

The term 'push and pull factors' in geography most directly relates to:

Answer: Human migration

Push factors (e.g., poverty, conflict) drive people away from a place, while pull factors (e.g., jobs, safety) attract them to a new location.

Which philosopher is most associated with the concept of the 'social contract' as described in 'The Social Contract' (1762)?

Answer: Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Jean-Jacques Rousseau's 'The Social Contract' (1762) argued that legitimate political authority comes from a collective agreement among citizens.

In economics, 'inflation' is best defined as:

Answer: A sustained increase in the general price level

Inflation refers to a sustained general increase in the price level of goods and services, reducing purchasing power over time.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) was adopted by:

Answer: The United Nations General Assembly

The UDHR was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 December 1948 as a global standard for human rights.