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Foundations of Special Education Flashcards

7 cards from real ALT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Foundations of Special Education flashcards as text

  1. Which evaluation approach requires that assessment instruments be given in a student's native language whenever feasible?

    Answer: Nondiscriminatory evaluation

    Nondiscriminatory evaluation under IDEA requires assessments to be provided in the child's native language and be free of racial or cultural bias.

  2. An IEP goal states: 'Given a graphic organizer, the student will write a five-sentence paragraph with 80% accuracy across 3 trials.' What component is this goal demonstrating?

    Answer: Measurable annual goal

    A measurable annual goal specifies the expected outcome, condition, and criteria for mastery within the IEP.

  3. In special education, 'procedural safeguards' primarily exist to:

    Answer: Ensure parents are informed of and can exercise their rights

    Procedural safeguards under IDEA guarantee parents the right to be informed, involved, and able to challenge decisions about their child's education.

  4. What distinguishes an 'accommodation' from a 'modification' in special education?

    Answer: Accommodations change how a student accesses content; modifications change the content or expectations

    Accommodations change how a student learns or demonstrates knowledge without altering the content standard, while modifications change the actual curriculum content or expectations.

  5. Which of the following best describes 'universal design for learning' (UDL)?

    Answer: A proactive instructional framework providing multiple means of representation, engagement, and expression

    UDL is a proactive framework that designs flexible instruction from the outset to meet the needs of all learners.

  6. The Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District (2017) Supreme Court ruling changed the standard for FAPE by requiring IEPs to:

    Answer: Be reasonably calculated to enable a child to make progress appropriate in light of their circumstances

    Endrew F. raised the bar beyond Rowley's 'basic floor,' requiring IEPs to be calculated to allow meaningful progress given the child's unique circumstances.

  7. A functional behavior assessment (FBA) is most appropriately used to:

    Answer: Identify the purpose or function of a student's challenging behavior

    An FBA identifies the antecedents, behaviors, and consequences to determine the function (e.g., attention, escape) of a student's challenging behavior.